Increase Handspan
Increase Handspan
Play with Liszt's hands!
The hand
The hand
The hand (manus) is defined as the distal portion of the upper limb extending from the wrist joint to cover the fingertips. It is consisted of the bony / cartilaginous skeleton, tendons, muscles and connective tissue which create one of the most sensitive part of the human body. The hands are precisely controlled by brain impulses and spinal reflexes that help you with the finest execution of movements. Beyond the anatomic role of capturing the objects, the hand is the tool of human creativity and expression taking part in communication therefore had a great impact on human development. A symbol of strength and tenderness at the same time, which manifestation can be detected in social relationships by far the most beautiful way (let's just think of a parent/child relationship, a "vindicatory hand"). Its complexity is obvious when you think that replacement of the human hand is not yet solved even in the century of robotics and informatics.
Your handspan is the distance from the tip of the thumb to the tip of the little finger on the outstretched hand.
Anatomy of the hand, including bones, ligaments, joints: (see Fig. 1)
Bones
ossa carpi proximalia
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os scaphoideum
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os lunatum
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os triquetrum
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os pisiforme
ossa carpi distalia
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os trapezium
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os trapezoideum
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os capitatum
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os hamatum
ossa metacarpi (5)
digiti manus (ossa digitorum manus seu phalanges)
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pollex (seu digitus primus)
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index (seu digitus secundus)
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digitus medius seu tertius
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digitus anularis seu quartus
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digitus minimus seu quintus
ossa sesamoidea
Joints
Articulatio (art.) radioulnaris (proximalis et distalis)
movements: supinatio/pronatio
Art. radiocarpea (wrist)
(art. ellipsoidea)
Floppy capsule, not so powerful ligaments:
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lig. collaterale carpi ulnare
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lig. collaterale carpi radiale
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lig. radiocarpeum palmare
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lig. radiocarpeum dorsale
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lig. ulnocarpeum palmare
movements:
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palmar- or volarflexio (flexio) – dorsalflexio (extensio)
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radialis abductio – ulnaris abductio
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passive rotation
Art. mediocarpea et artt. intercarpeae
art. plana / amphiarthrosis (passive displacement)
ligaments: (ligg. intercarpea)
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lig. carpi radiatum
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lig. pisohamatum
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lig. arcuatum carpi dorsale
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ligg. intercarpea palmaria, dorsalia, interossea
Artt. carpometacarpeae
amphiarthrosis
ligaments: (ligg. carpometacarpea)
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lig. pisometacarpeum
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lig. hamatometacarpeum
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ligg. carpometacarpea palmaria, dorsalia
Art. carpometacarpea pollicis
art. sellaris
movements:
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oppositio – repositio
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abductio – adductio
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passive rotation
Artt. intermetacarpeae
movements:
passive displacement
Artt. metacarpophalangeae
strong collateral ligaments:
​
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ligg. collateralia
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ligg. palmaria
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lig. metacarpeum transversum profundum
movements:
​
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flexio – extensio
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abductio – adductio
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passive rotation
Art. metacarpophalangea pollicis
ginglymus (flexio – extensio only about one axis)
Artt. interphalangeae
movements:
​
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flexio – extensio
Ligaments
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1. Between forearm and carpus
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Lig. collaterale carpi ulnare
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Lig. collaterale carpi radiale
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Lig. ulnocarpeum palmare (ulna – os capitatum)
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Lig. radiocarpeum palmare (radius – os lunatum + os capitatum)
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Lig. radiocarpeum dorsale (radius – os lunatum + os scaphoideum)
2. ligg. intercarpea
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Lig. carpi radiatum
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Lig. pisohamatum
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Lig. arcuatum carpi dorsale
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Ligg. intercarpea palmaria, dorsalia, interossea
3. ligg. carpometacarpea
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Lig. pisometacarpeum
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Lig. hamatometacarpeum
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Ligg. carpometacarpea palmaria, dorsalia
4. ligg. metacarpea
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Ligg. metacarpea palmaria, dorsalia, interossea
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Ligg. metacarpea transversa proff. (art. metacarpophalangea!)